Ice Lenses Beneath Hummocks in a Temperate Rich Fen

Abstract The study documents a process of ice lenses persistence under hummocks during spring snowmelt in rich fen Poland. Air temperature, as well the temperature vascular plant litter, Hamatocaulis vernicosus mat, Tomentypnum nitens and Sphagnum teres hummocks, was measured from December to March using data loggers. Capital Asset Pricing Model adapted analyse relationships between air litter mosses. best insulated upper peat layer changing temperatures maintained frozen its longest (for about month after frost had stopped). similarly effectively winter, also maintaining but less warmer spring, which may be due differences hummock structure two species. observed phenomenon soon disappear global warming, affect functioning.